53The “club” aspect of the IG stems from the collective nature of intellectual property. Cost-sharing, value-added and incentive agreements are present in all production, marketing and distribution chains of a GI product. The French concept of these agreements is the IG `specifications` (or `book of specifications`), which not only refers to the obligations of any agent involved in the life of an GI product, but also influences the costs, pricing, sustainability of the GI product model and strategic interactions between agents. Compliance assessment activities often account for a significant portion of shared costs, although cost-sharing covers other expenses related to the establishment, maintenance and exclusivity of the IG “club” such as advertising campaigns, lobbying activities, legal actions, etc. 27 Footnote Id. to 818; see also the Lisbon Agreement, see point 1, point 8 (noting that a “competent authority” of each Member State or an “interested party” can take legal action under the agreement in each Member State). 57Not, the term “localized” should not be consensual with the principle of “territoriality” of intellectual property protection, which also applies to the PGI and has significant economic consequences, which are discussed in detail in Chapter 4. In accordance with the principle of territoriality, copyright protection is granted on any territory under national law. This means that as long as there is no universal membership register (as is currently the case for the PGI), the PGI will be recognised and the protection of TRIPS will be recognized either on a national basis or by bilateral agreements for the recognition of individual PGIs. The Lisbon Agreement establishes the legal protection of appellations of origin on the territory of all parties contracting to the agreement, but with only 27 members, protection is far from universal.

25 Works are the “terials” used to prepare the final form of an agreement or statute, including an international treaty; the draft or legislative history of a treaty. Preparatory work, Black`s Law Dictionary (10,100 The following countries are members of the two agreements: Burkina Faso, Congo, Gabon and Togo. See contracting parties or signatories to contracts managed by WIPO – Lisbon Convention on the Protection of Names of Origin and Their International Registration, footnote 98 above; Members of the Budget, above footnote 99. Pugatch MP (2006) The international regulation of spiritual access in a world TRIPS and TRIps more. In: Woolcock S (ed) Trade and Investment Rule-Making. The Role of Regional and Bilateral Agreements, United Nations University Press, Tokyo, New York, Paris, 177-207 104 According to an April 2015 press release In which the resumption of EU-ASEAN trade negotiations was announced, “the EU is ASEAN`s second largest trading partner, with a total of $248 billion in 2014, and was the largest source of foreign direct investment in Southeast Asia in 2014, with $29.1 billion, or 21.3% of foreign inflows into the region.” See the EU and ASEAN to boost Euractive trade negotiations (27 April 2015), www.euractiv.com/sections/trade-society/eu-and-asean-kick-start-free-trade-agreement-talks-314100 (the last one was on 9 February 2016).